Professional and Linguistic Assessments Board (PLAB) Practice Exam

Which condition is associated with MEN 1?

1. Acromegaly

2. Pituitary adenoma, parathyroid hyperplasia, pancreatic islet cell tumor

3. Medullary carcinoma

4. Pheochromocytoma

The correct answer is: Pituitary adenoma, parathyroid hyperplasia, pancreatic islet cell tumor

The condition associated with Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 1 (MEN 1) includes a triad of specific tumors: pituitary adenoma, parathyroid hyperplasia, and pancreatic islet cell tumors. MEN 1, also known as Wermer's syndrome, is a hereditary condition characterized by the development of tumors in multiple endocrine glands due to mutations in the MEN1 gene. Pituitary adenomas are often secreting hormones such as prolactin or growth hormone, leading to various symptoms depending on the hormone involved. Parathyroid hyperplasia causes hyperparathyroidism, which results in elevated calcium levels and related complications. Pancreatic islet cell tumors can result in the overproduction of insulin or other peptides, leading to conditions like gastrinoma or insulinoma. The specific combination of these tumors is the hallmark of MEN 1. In contrast, acromegaly is primarily linked to growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenomas, but it is not exclusive to MEN 1. Medullary carcinoma of the thyroid is primarily associated with MEN 2, not MEN 1. Pheochromocytomas, which are tumors of the adrenal gland that produce catecholamines, are typically associated with MEN 2