Professional and Linguistic Assessments Board (PLAB) Practice Exam

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What scoring tool is recommended for assessing the risk of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation?

CHA2D score
Framingham risk score
CHADS2 score
CHA2DS2-VASc score

The correct answer is: CHA2DS2-VASc score

The CHA2DS2-VASc score is the most widely recommended tool for assessing the risk of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation. This scoring system builds upon the earlier CHADS2 score by adding additional risk factors, providing a more nuanced assessment of stroke risk. The CHA2DS2-VASc incorporates multiple components: congestive heart failure, hypertension, age ≥ 75 years, diabetes mellitus, prior stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA), vascular disease, and age between 65 and 74 years, as well as female sex. Each component is assigned a certain number of points based on its contribution to stroke risk. This comprehensive approach allows healthcare providers to better stratify patients, determining who may benefit from anticoagulation therapy to reduce the risk of stroke. Using this score, patients can be categorized into low, moderate, and high risk for stroke, which informs clinical decision-making regarding management and intervention. The development of CHA2DS2-VASc represents a significant advancement over previous scoring systems, leading to improved patient outcomes as it captures a broader spectrum of risk factors. In contrast, the other scoring tools mentioned do not specifically target stroke risk in the context of atrial fibrillation as effectively as CHA2DS2