Professional and Linguistic Assessments Board (PLAB) Practice Exam

What is a suitable treatment for constipation during pregnancy?

1. Bisacodyl

2. Lactulose

3. Metamucil

4. Stimulative laxatives

The correct answer is: Lactulose

Lactulose is a suitable treatment for constipation during pregnancy primarily due to its safety profile and effectiveness. Lactulose is an osmotic laxative that works by drawing water into the bowel, which helps soften stool and promote bowel movements. This mechanism is particularly beneficial in pregnant individuals, as maintaining regular bowel movements is important for comfort and digestive health during pregnancy. Osmotic laxatives like lactulose are generally preferred because they are less likely to cause cramping or stimulate contractions in the uterus, making them safer options compared to stimulant laxatives. This is crucial during pregnancy, when the safety of both the mother and the developing fetus is a primary concern. Other treatments for constipation may have varying levels of risk associated with their use. For instance, bisacodyl and other stimulant laxatives can increase bowel motility more aggressively and may lead to abdominal cramping, which is not desirable in pregnant patients. Meanwhile, Metamucil, a bulk-forming laxative, can be helpful, but it may not be as effective in situations where immediate relief is needed. Thus, lactulose emerges as a reliable choice for addressing constipation safely during pregnancy.