Professional and Linguistic Assessments Board (PLAB) Practice Exam

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How does exenatide function in diabetes management?

DPP-4 inhibitor
GLP-1 analog
Insulin secretion suppressor
Serotonin receptor antagonist

The correct answer is: GLP-1 analog

Exenatide functions as a GLP-1 analog in diabetes management. GLP-1, or glucagon-like peptide-1, is a hormone produced in the intestines that plays a critical role in glucose metabolism. As a GLP-1 analog, exenatide mimics the effects of this hormone. Its primary mechanisms include stimulating insulin secretion in response to meals while inhibiting glucagon release, which helps lower blood glucose levels. Additionally, exenatide slows gastric emptying and promotes a feeling of fullness, which can help with weight management in patients with type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, being a GLP-1 analog allows exenatide to enhance the body’s ability to manage blood sugar levels more effectively in conjunction with lifestyle changes, making it a valuable option for patients who may not achieve desired outcomes with other therapies.